What results from bronchial constriction in asthma?

Bronchial constriction in asthma leads to a narrowing of the airways, which severely impacts the ability to move air effectively in and out of the lungs. This constriction is caused by the tightening of the smooth muscles surrounding the bronchial tubes, inflammation, and increased mucus production, all of which contribute to obstructing airflow.

As a result, the primary effect is decreased airflow in and out of the lungs, which is a hallmark characteristic of asthma attacks. This reduced airflow can lead to shortness of breath, wheezing, and chest tightness, as the airways become constricted and make it difficult for individuals to breathe normally. In severe cases, this can lead to respiratory distress, as the body struggles to obtain adequate oxygen due to the impeded airflow. Hence, decreased airflow in and out captures the essence of the physiological changes occurring during asthma exacerbations.